An introduction to the specific meaning and evolution of the concepts of "Zhongguo" and "Zhonghua" in the various historical periods of Chinese history. The history of the formation of the "Chinese nation" is introduced, with emphasis on the great ethnic integration of the Chinese nation throughout its history. Thirdly, culture in its broadest sense is the way in which human beings live apart from other species; civilisation is the element of culture that drives socio-historical progress and refers specifically to the age of human civilisation. Explanation of the characteristics of Chinese culture: ten aspects, including unity in diversity, long history, unity of heaven and man, harmony among nations, homogeneity of family and nation, positive entry into the world, moral supremacy, people-oriented, group-oriented, and practical focus.