This course focuses on the theme of new energy vehicles and introduces the development history of new energy vehicles. With the increasing depletion of global oil resources and severe pollution of the atmospheric environment, the concept of new energy vehicles has emerged, and the types have also been enriched. The Chinese new energy vehicle industry began in the early 21st century. In 2001, the research project on new energy vehicles was included in the "863" major scientific and technological project during the national "Tenth Five Year Plan" period. 2008 became the "Year of New Energy Vehicles" in China. In 2009, China's new energy vehicles entered a rapid development track. In 2012, the State Council issued the "Development Plan for Energy Conservation and New Energy Vehicle Industry (2012-2020)", which clearly stated that the main strategic orientation of China's new energy vehicles is pure electric vehicles. In the 21st century, major automobile producing countries around the world have begun to attach importance to the development of new energy vehicles. Especially against the backdrop of the global financial crisis and soaring international oil prices, the relationship between the development of new energy vehicles and national energy security has become even closer. Governments around the world have introduced policies to support the development of new energy vehicles, such as fiscal subsidies and tax incentives. Meanwhile, with the advancement of battery technology and the reduction of costs, the market share of new energy vehicles is also constantly increasing. Although the development of new energy vehicles has been full of ups and downs and challenges, with the advancement of technology and the strengthening of environmental awareness, new energy vehicles have become an inevitable trend in the global automotive industry.