非物质文化遗产“葫芦丝制作技艺” - 通用课程 - 汉语桥团组在线体验平台

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How to Make a Hulusi (Cucurbit Flute) - An Intangible Cultural Heritage

非物质文化遗产“葫芦丝制作技艺”

Course Syllabus 课程章节

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Hulusi, or Bi Lang Dao in the local Dai dialect, is a flute made of cucurbit and bamboo, a wind instrument performed with flexible articulation. It has a long history especially among the Dai, De’ang and A’chang peoples of Lianghe County in Dehong Prefecture. Therefore, Lianghe County has gained the fame as the “homeland of Hulusi”. A Beautiful Place is a representative song of Hulusi music. The song is composed using the base-tone of the local Dai music and the style of Zhefang folk music, and it echoes the amazingly scenic nature and unique cultures of the region. The song becomes representative owing to its distinct but harmonious tune and pitch arrangement. The making of a Hulusi relies heavily on manual techniques due to its delicate production traditions. Every procedure, from selecting suitable cucurbit and bamboo materials, processing, installing the reed, calibrating the tune, to decorating the cucurbit, demands expertise and experience. Nonetheless, Hulusi is an easy-to-use instrument since it is not difficult to learn its articulation skills, namely the methods to control the air flows in the flute. Various keys could be performed on Hulusi, including the D, C, B flat, G and F key. Each Hulusi has its own pitch and distances between the holes, producing various tunes, thin and high or rough and low.

葫芦丝,傣语称“毕朗道”,直译为葫芦箫,属吹管舌簧乐器,历史悠久,在梁河县傣族、德昂族、阿昌族中都有传承。中国云南省德宏州梁河县也被誉为“葫芦丝之乡”。葫芦丝乐曲代表作《有一个美丽的地方》以傣族音乐为基调、采用芒市遮放调的风格,表现了中国云南省德宏州一带的美丽风光及风土人情;因其独特而完美的音域特点,成为了葫芦丝独奏曲首选曲目。葫芦丝制作非常讲究技术与经验,工艺复杂精细,至今保持着传统制作方法,包括加工葫芦、选竹、打竹、选葫芦、制作和安装簧片、校音、在葫芦上装饰图案等工序。葫芦丝是简单易学的乐器,气息容易控制,葫芦丝有D调、C调、降B调、G调、F调,不同调的葫芦丝音色高低和指孔间的距离不同,有的音色细而高,有的音色粗而低。

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